Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a type of skin cancer that begins in the squamous cells, which are the thin, flat cells found in the outer layers of the skin. It’s important to understand the risk factors of SCC and the proactive steps you can take to reduce your risk of developing the condition. Squamous cell carcinoma is the second most common skin cancer diagnosis in the United States. There are several factors that can impact a person’s likelihood of developing it. By learning about the causes and how to protect yourself, you can take charge of your health.
Squamous cell carcinoma of the skin risk factors
One of the biggest risk factors for squamous cell carcinoma, which is a type of nonmelanoma skin cancer, is exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation. UV radiation primarily comes from the sun, but it can also come from other sources such as tanning beds. Excessive, repeated exposure to UV rays can damage your skin; over time, repeated UV exposure increases the risk of developing the condition. This means that the more time you spend in the sun or using tanning beds, the higher your SCC risk becomes.
While exposure to ultraviolet rays is a major risk factor, there are other factors that can increase your chance of developing SCC.
Additional risk factors for squamous cell carcinoma include:
- Having a fair complexion, which includes the following:
- Fair skin that freckles and burns easily, does not tan or tans poorly
- Blue or green or other light-colored eyes
- Red or blond hair
- Having actinic keratosis
- Past treatment with radiation
- Having a weakened immune system
- Having certain changes in the genes that are linked to skin cancer
If you’re at risk of developing SCC, it’s important to talk to your doctor. Just because you may have a risk factor, it doesn’t mean you’ll develop the condition.
Actinic keratosis and squamous cell carcinoma of the skin
Some people may develop a skin condition called actinic keratosis. Actinic keratosis occurs when a dry, scaly patch on the skin is caused by years of ultraviolet (UV) light exposure, such as from the sun or tanning beds.
It usually forms on areas that are exposed to the sun, including the face, lips, ears, scalp, neck, forearms or hands. If left untreated, it has a 5-10% chance of turning into squamous cell carcinoma. Actinic keratosis may resemble other skin conditions, so if you notice any unusual skin changes, you should talk to your doctor.
Prevention of squamous cell carcinoma of the skin
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the skin is usually caused by too much sun exposure.
To reduce your risk of developing SCC, you can take some steps:
- Use SPF 30 or higher. One of the best ways to reduce exposure to harmful UV radiation is to wear sunscreen containing SPF 30 or higher whenever you go outside. You should apply it to all exposed skin and reapply it every 2 hours, and especially after swimming or exercising.
- Wear protective clothing. Another step to take to reduce UV exposure is to wear clothing such as long sleeves and wide-brimmed hats. Some outerwear now offers additional protection from the sun. Stay in the shade when possible. This can also help shield your skin from harmful UV rays.
- Avoid tanning beds. The use of tanning beds or artificial sunlamps increases the chances of developing SCC. Do not use them, as these can also increase your risk of developing SCC and other types of skin cancer.
- Keep an eye on your skin. It’s important to regularly check your skin for any new or unusual growths. Be sure to see a dermatologist for routine skin exams to catch any potential issues early.
By taking these precautions, you can lower your chances of developing squamous cell carcinoma and keep your skin healthy.
If you have received a squamous cell carcinoma diagnosis, or if you want a second opinion, we’re here to help you. Call 800-293-5066 or 614-293-5066 to make an appointment.